Why regional plans exist
LoRaWAN uses license-exempt spectrum regulated by national or regional authorities. Available frequencies, channel spacing, transmit limits and duty-cycle rules differ. The LoRa Alliance defines regional parameters so devices and networks can operate within those rules.
High-level comparison
| Plan | Typical region | Common planning point |
|---|---|---|
| EU868 | Many European countries | Duty-cycle and channel configuration require attention |
| US915 | United States and related markets | Uses a larger channel set and sub-band planning |
| AU915 | Australia and some other markets | Similar band family to US915 but uses its own channel plan |
This table is an orientation only. Always confirm the current rules and approved frequency plan for the specific country.
Hardware implications
Some gateways cover several sub-GHz bands, while others are built for one range. Antennas are also frequency-specific. A poorly matched antenna reduces performance even if the gateway radio can be configured for the correct plan. Collar hardware must include the corresponding radio version and firmware configuration.
Channel-plan implications
US915 and AU915 networks commonly use channel subsets or sub-bands to coordinate end devices and gateways. Devices must join using compatible settings. EU868 networks typically use a different set of default and optional channels. Do not copy configuration files between regions without review.
Deployment checklist
- Identify the exact country and local regulator.
- Confirm the supported LoRaWAN regional parameter version.
- Order gateway, antenna and collars for the same plan.
- Configure the network server and channel plan before field testing.
- Verify join, uplink and downlink operation with production hardware.
International projects
A manufacturer serving several countries should manage product variants by region. Record the radio version on purchase orders and device inventory. If a project spans borders, treat each regulatory region as a separate network design and confirm whether roaming or multi-region hardware is permitted.
Questions to ask a supplier
- Which exact frequency-plan version does the device support?
- Can the antenna be supplied for the same band?
- Which network servers and channel plans have been tested?
- Can the firmware configuration be locked by project?
- How is the regional variant identified on the device and packaging?